Committee Information
CHAIR
Dan Patrick
MEMBERS
John Carona
Wendy Davis
Mario Gallegos
Steve Ogden
Kel Seliger
Florence Shapiro
Leticia Van de Putte
Royce West
CLERK:
Holly Mabry
TEL:
(512) 463-0355
LOCATION:
Sam Houston Building, 440
Video/Audio — Archives
82nd Session Interim
- October 30, 2012 (Part II) — Joint Hearing: Senate Committee on Education, Senate Committee on Criminal Justice (Part II)
- October 30, 2012 (Part I) — Joint Hearing: Senate Committee on Education, Senate Committee on Criminal Justice (Part I)
- October 30, 2012 (Part II)
- October 30, 2012 (Part I)
- October 8, 2012
- September 13, 2012
- August 24, 2012
- July 17, 2012
- May 18, 2012
82nd 1st Called Session
- June 6, 2011 (Part II) — audio only.
- June 6, 2011 (Part I)
- June 3, 2011
- June 2, 2011 (Part II)
- June 2, 2011 (Part I)
82nd Regular Session
- May 19, 2011 (Part III) — audio only.
- May 19, 2011 (Part II)
- May 19, 2011 (Part I)
- May 17, 2011 (Part II)
- May 17, 2011 (Part I)
- May 10, 2011 (Part II) — audio only.
- May 10, 2011 (Part I)
- May 5, 2011
- April 26, 2011
- April 19, 2011 (Part II) — audio only.
- April 19, 2011 (Part I)
- April 14, 2011 (Part II) — audio only.
- April 14, 2011 (Part I)
- April 12, 2011 (Part II) — audio only.
- April 12, 2011 (Part I)
- April 7, 2011 (Part II)
- April 7, 2011 (Part I)
- April 5, 2011
- March 31, 2011 (Part II) — audio only.
- March 31, 2011 (Part I)
- March 29, 2011 (Part II)
- March 29, 2011 (Part I)
- March 23, 2011 — audio only.
- March 22, 2011 (Part II)
- March 22, 2011 (Part I)
- March 8, 2011 (Part II)
- March 8, 2011 (Part I)
- March 1, 2011
- February 1, 2011 (Part II)
- February 1, 2011 (Part I)
Written Testimony Submissions and Handouts
October 30, 2012
• Agenda
Interim Charge #8: "Monitor the implementation of legislation addressed by the Senate Committee on Education, 82nd Legislature, Regular and Called Sessions, and make recommendations for any legislation needed to improve, enhance, and/or complete implementation. Specifically, monitor the following: SB 6, relating to the establishment of the instructional materials allotment; SB 8, relating to the flexibility of the board of trustees of a school district in the management and operation of public schools; HB 1942, relating to bullying in public schools; The implementation of legislation related to the state's accountability system and other reforms enacted by HB 3, 81st Legislature, Regular Session, and SB 1031, 80th Legislature, Regular Session."
Panel 1: Implementation of Legislation from the 82nd Legislature
- Anita Givens, Associate Commissioner, Standards & Programs, Texas Education Agency
SB 6: (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4)
SB 1557: (File 1, File 2, File 3) - Von Byer, Deputy General Counsel, Texas Education Agency
SB 8: (File 1) - Laura Taylor, Associate Commissioner, Accreditation and School Improvement, Texas Education Agency
SB 738: (File 1, File 2) - Monica Martinez, Managing Director, Office of Curriculum, Texas Education Agency & Janice Lopez, Director, Education Standards & Certification, Texas Education Agency
SB 866: (File 1, File 2, File 3)
Panel 2: Assessment & Accountability
- Dr. Criss Cloudt, Associate Commissioner of Assessment & Accountability, Texas Education Agency (File 1, File 2)
- Dr. David Spence, President of the Southern Regional Education Board
Public Testimony
October 30, 2012 — Joint hearing with the Senate Committee on Criminal Justice
• Agenda
Interim Charge #7: "Conduct a comprehensive review of school discipline practices. Specifically, review and make recommendations on: The effectiveness of Disciplinary Alternative Education Programs (DAEP) and Juvenile Justice Alternative Education Programs (JJAEP) in reducing student involvement in further disciplinary infractions and in promoting positive educational achievement; Disproportionate school discipline referrals, including suspension, expulsion, and Class C misdemeanor citations; The issue of "Zero Tolerance" in secondary education school discipline, the use of alternative education campuses, and the barriers to graduation. Also include the role that specialized school police departments play in these systems. Consider the impact on the juvenile justice system and the adult prison system; The number of students in the conservatorship of the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS) referred to juvenile or municipal courts, suspended, expelled, and placed in Disciplinary Alternative Education Programs (DAEP). Examine data-sharing practices between DFPS, TEA, and local education agencies, and make recommendations to increase communication between schools and DFPS to increase educational outcomes for children in foster care; Evidence based models used for addressing juvenile delinquency prevention that is targeted to non-adjudicated, but at-risk youth, in the school disciplinary system. (Joint Charge with Senate Committee on Criminal Justice)"
Panel 1: Invited Testimony
- Dr. Tony Fabelo, Director, Research Division, Council of State Governments, Justice Center (File 1, File 2)
- David Anderson, General Counsel, Texas Education Agency (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4, File 5, File 6)
- Joy Baskin, Director of Legal Services, Texas Association of School Boards (File 1, File 2, File 3)
- Jeanette Moll, Juvenile Justice Policy Analyst, Texas Public Policy Foundation (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4)
- David Slayton, Administrative Director, Office of Court Administration
- Lonnie Hollingsworth Jr., Director of Legal Services and Governmental Relations, Texas Classroom Teachers Association
- Mike Griffiths, Executive Director, Texas Juvenile Justice Department (File 1, File 2, File 3)
Public Testimony
- Susan Armoni
- Dawne Borgelt
- Charles A. Brawner
- Belinda Carlton
- Michele Deitch
- Ashley R. Harris
- Eric Hartman
- Julia C. Hatcher
- Liz Kromeri
- Kevin Lawrence
- Meagan Longley
- Judith Moening
- Joseph L. Parks
- Lauren Rose
- Dustin Rynders
- Josette Saxton
- Karen D. Seal
- Steve Swanson (File 1, File 2)
- Texas Appleseed (File 1, File 2)
- Andrea Usanga
- Columba P. Wilson
October 8, 2012
• Agenda
Interim Charge #3: "Study the growing demand for virtual schools in Texas. Review the benefits of virtual schools, related successes in other states, and needed changes to remove barriers to virtual schools."
Panel 1: Texas Virtual School Network (TxVSN) Overview
- Monica Martinez, Managing Director, Office of Curriculum, Texas Education Agency (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4, File 5)
Panel 2: National Perspectives on Quality Virtual Learning
- Heather Staker, Senior Research Fellow, Innosight Institute (File 1, File 2)
- Matthew Wilka, Research Consultant, FSG (File 1, File 2, File 3)
- Dr. Luis Huerta, Associate Professor of Education & Public Policy, Department of Education Policy and Social Analysis, Teachers College - Columbia University (File 1, File 2, File 3)
- Dr. Michael Barbour, Assistant Professor, Instructional Technology, College of Education, Wayne State University (File 1, File 2, File 3)
Panel 3: Texas Virtual Learning: Demand; Benefits; and Barriers
- Jean Parmer, Assistant Director, eSchool, Plano ISD (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4)
- David Teal, Superintendent, Gruver ISD & Troy Seagler, Principal, Gruver High School (File 1, File 2)
- Nancy Manley, School Compliance Officer, HISD External Charter Schools (File 1, File 2)
- Mary Gifford, Regional Vice President for K12
Panel 4: Other Barriers to Maximizing Virtual Learning
- Don Shirley, Executive Director, Connected TX (File 1, File 2, File 3)
- Dr. Joy Rousseau, Director of Technology, Arp ISD (File 1, File 2, File 3)
Public Testimony
- Dr. David Anthony (File 1, File 2)
- Marsha Burris
- Dr. Hector P. Garcia
- Lindsay Gustafson
- Patty Quinzi
September 13, 2012
• Agenda
Interim Charge #4: "Study the impact of extended learning time on school success. Evaluate the different programs offered, best practices, school implementation, and incentives for building community partnerships that allow a variety of academic and career-related learning opportunities. Examine the effect of after-school programs on academic performance, school attendance, behavior, and promotion to the next grade level, and the relationship between the availability of after-school programs in an area and the high school dropout rate."
Panel 1: Research and Background
- Dr. Thomas Smith, Director, National Center on Scaling Up Effective Schools (File 1, File 2)
- Molly Wofford, Executive Director, Texas Partnership for Out of School Time (TXPOST) (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4, File 5, File 6, File 7, File 8, File 9, File 10, File 11, File 12)
- Jan Lindsey, Assistant Director, Federal and State Education Policy, Texas Education Agency (TEA) (File 1, File 2)
Panel 2: School Turnaround & Dropout Prevention
- Dr. Rodney Watson, Chief Human Resource Officer, Houston ISD (Apollo 20) (File 1, File 2)
- Sandy Chavarria, President & CEO, Communities In Schools (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4)
- Dr. Daniel King, Superintendent, Pharr-San Juan-Alamo ISD (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4, File 5)
Panel 3: College & Career Readiness For At-Risk Students
- Jim Nelson, Executive Director, AVID (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4)
- Steven Zipkes, Founding Principal at Manor New Tech High, Manor ISD (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4, File 5, File 6, File 7)
- Michael Satarino, Principal, School for the Talented and Gifted at Yvonne A. Ewell Townview Center, Dallas ISD (File 1, File 2, File 3)
Panel 4: Learning Time
- Michael Griffith, Senior Policy Analyst, Education Commission of the States (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4, File 5)
- Dr. Lona Alexander-Mitchell, Project Director, ACE Program (File 1, File 2, File 3)
- Joan Altobelli, Texas AfterSchool Association (File 1, File 2)
- Eduardo Infante, Superintendent, Lyford CISD
Public Testimony
August 24, 2012
• Agenda
Interim Charge #6: "Study the impact of school choice programs in other states on students, parents, and teachers. Explore the use of education tax credits and taxpayer savings grants, and examine potential impacts on state funding."
Panel 1: School Choice Overview
- Dr. Matthew Ladner, Senior Advisor for Policy and Research, Foundation for Excellence in Education
- Andrew Erben, President and COO, Texas Institute for Education Reform
- Matthew Barnes, Executive Director, Families Empowered
Panel 2: Education Tax Credits/Taxpayer Savings Grants
- Robert C. Enlow, President and CEO, The Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice
- Joseph Bast, President and CEO, The Heartland Institute (File 1, File 2)
Interim Charge #5: "Study the performance and accountability of charter schools, best practices of high-performing charter schools, and barriers to replication. Review policies and practices for authorizing high-quality charters and closing poor-performing charters. Study the benefits of and costs related to increasing the number of charters, as well as establishing additional authorization boards to grant new charters."
Panel 1: Overview of Charter Schools
- David Dunn, Executive Director, Texas Charter Schools Association
- Dr. Lisa Grover, Senior Director, State Advocacy, National Alliance for Public Charter Schools
- Greg Richmond, President and CEO, National Association of Charter School Authorizers
Panel 2: Policies and Authorization Boards
Panel 3: Best Practices
- Dr. Duncan Klussmann, Superintendent, Spring Branch ISD
- Dr. Bob Sanborn, President and CEO, Children at Risk
Public Testimony
- Allan Parker
- Allen Weeks
- Amanda Brownson
- Bob Schoolfield
- Brooke Terry (File 1, File 2)
- Connie Sadowski (File 1, File 2)
- Daniel Cotlar
- David Dick
- Dominic Giarratani
- James Golsan
- Jesse Hervitz
- John Grey
- John Harper
- Justine Fanarof
- Karen Miller
- Kathy Miller
- Lindsay Gustafson
- Lorie Barzano
- Louis Malfaro
- Matt Prewett
- Patty Quinzi
- Peggy Venable
- Ramiro Canales
- Susan Paynter
- Tom Archer
July 17, 2012
• Agenda
Panel 1: Urban Education Service Centers and School Districts
- Wilburn "Buddy" Echols, Jr., Executive Director, Region 10 ESC (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4)
- Dr. Terry Smith, Executive Director, Region 13 ESC (File 1, File 2, File 3 [Excel Format])
- Mel Waxler, Chief of Staff, Austin ISD
Panel 2: Rural Education Service Centers and School Districts
- John Bass, Executive Director, Region 16 ESC
- Toby Tucker, Superintendent, Claude ISD
- Jack C. Damron, Executive Director, Region 1 ESC (File 1, File 2)
- Dr. Virginia Richter, Superintendent, Sharyland ISD
Panel 3: Funding of Regional Education Service Centers
- Dr. Ann Smisko, Associate Commissioner for Educator Leadership and Quality, Texas Education Agency (TEA) (File 1, File 2, File 3, File 4 [Excel Format])
- Aaron Henricksen, Budget Analyst, Legislative Budget Board (LBB)
Panel 4: Shared Services
- Tom Canby, Director of Research and Technology, Texas Association of School Business Officials (File 1, File 2, File 3)
- Jackie Lain, Associate Executive Director, Texas Association of School Boards (TASB) (File 1, File 2)
- Lynse Pawelek, Director of Special Education for the Atascosa-McMullen Cooperative
Public Testimony
- Buck Gilcrease, Superintendent, Hillsboro ISD
- John Fuerst, Texas Council of Administrators of Special Education (TCASE)
- Kathy Armenta, School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin
- Dr. Sharon Ross, Superintendent, Jefferson ISD
- Sue Milam, National Association of Social Workers, Texas Chapter
- Wanda Bamberg, Superintendent, Aldine ISD
May 18, 2012
• Agenda
Panel 1
- Dr. Stan Carpenter, Dean, College of Education, Texas State University
- Dr. Mary Ann Rankin, CEO, National Math and Science Initiative (NMSI)
- Dr. Raymund Paredes, Commissioner of Higher Education, Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board (THECB)
Panel 2
- Holly Eaton, Director of Professional Development & Advocacy, Texas Classroom Teachers Association (TCTA)
- Jim Nelson, Co-Chair, Texas Teaching Commission (File 1, File 2)
- Dr. David Lussier, Executive Director, Office of Educator Quality, Austin Independent School District
Panel 3
June 6, 2011
SB 30
SB 31
June 2, 2011
SB 6
SB 8
- John Adams Dripping Springs Independent School District
- Jesus H. Chavez, Texas School Alliance
- Karen Ellis, Richardson Independent School District
- Eileen Garcia, Texans Care for Children
- Eric Hartman, American Federation of Teachers, Texas
- David Hodgins
- Tracy Hoke, Fort Bend Independent School District
- Lonnie Hollingsworth, Texas Classroom Teachers Association
- Richard Kouri, Texas State Teachers Association
- Michelle Smith
- Mark Williams, Austin Independent School District
- Sarah Winkler, Alief Independent School District
May 19, 2011
• Agenda
HB 359
HB 1224
HB 1335
HB 1386
- Merily H. Keller, Texas Suicide Prevention Council
- Amy Philo, uniteforlife.org
- Judy Powell, Parent Guidance Center
- Steve Swanson
HB 1942
HB 2380
May 17, 2011
• Agenda
SB 1813
HB 692
HB 968
- Solveij Praxis, Frank Knaack, American Civil Liberties Union of Texas
- Robert Schneider, Austin Independent School District
HB 1334
HB 1942
May 10, 2011
May 5, 2011
April 26, 2011
• Agenda
HB 861
- Don Schmidt, Northside Independent School District
- Paige Fuller, Texas Council of Administrators of Special Education
SB 66
April 14, 2011
• Agenda
SB 12
SB 89
- Anne Olson, The Texas Baptist Christian Life Commission
- Celia Cole, Center for Public Policy Priorities
SB 224
April 12, 2011
• Agenda
SB 536
SB 866
SB 1619
- Nancy Sharp, Director of Communications and Community Relations, Lubbock Independent School District
Additional Testimony
April 7, 2011
April 5, 2011
• Agenda
SB 291
SB 975
SB 1349
- Roxanna Ramirez, Coordinator of Counseling and Related Services, SCUISD
- Veronica Goldhorn, Principal, Greenvalley Elementary School
- Laura Bryan, Clinical Administrator, Family Life Center of St. Mary's University
SB 1788
- Bonnie Haecker, Director of Instructional Programs, Santa Fe Independent School District
- Cynthia Peltier, Director of Special Education, Texas City Independent School District
- Don Schmidt, Assistant Superintendent, Family and Community Services
- Maria Whitsett, Texas School Alliance
- Michaelene Morrison, Texas School Alliance
- Paige Fuller, Texas Council of Administrators of Special Education
Additional Testimony
March 31, 2011
• Agenda
SB 53
- Albert Cortez, Policy Director, Intercultural Development Research Association
- Velma Ybarra, State Education Chair, Texas League of United Latin American Citizens
SB 226
- Lauren Dimitry, Health Policy Coordinator, Texans Care for Children
- Mandi Kimball, Director, Public Policy and Government Affairs
- Rob Borowski, Project Director, Texas Impact
- Stephen Pont, Texas Pediactric Society, Texas Academy of Family Physicians, and the Texas Public Health Coalition
SB 1483
March 29, 2011
• Agenda
SB 4
- Alejandra Correa, Assistant Principal, San Antonio ISD
- Amber Welsh, Teacher, Austin ISD
- Cynthia Osborne, Director, Project on Educator Effectiveness and Quality
- Dr. Ed Fuller
- Ellen Wood
- Eric Hartman, Texas American Federation of Teachers
- Holly Eaton, Texas Classroom Teachers Association
- Jerel Booker, Executive Director, Stand for Children
- Julie Baker, Chief Major Projects Officer, Houston Independent School District
- Ken Barth
- Miguel Solis, Teacher, Dallas Independent School District
- Richard Kouri, Texas State Teachers Association
- Dr. Sandra S. West, Texas Academy of Science and the Texas Science Education Leadership Association
- Dominic Giarratani, Assistant Director, Texas Association of School Boards
SB 6
- Kim Slough, Principal, Abilene ISD
- Merry Lynn Gerstenschlager, Vice President, Texas Eagle Forum
- Neal Frey
- Sandy Kendell
SB 27
- Connie Mawer, Executive Director, Texas Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Society
- Laurie Combe, Texas School Nurses Organizations
SB 54
SB 217
SB 1214
- Charles Evans, Executive Director Texas Association of Non-Public Schools
- Jennifer Canaday, Association of Texas Professional Educators
- Margaret McGettrick, Director of Education, Texas Catholic Conference
SB 1383
Additional Testimony
March 22, 2011
• Agenda
SB 127
- Shelley Potter, President, San Antonio Alliance of Teachers and Support Personnel
- Patty Quinzi, American Federation of Teachers
- Monty Exter, Association of Texas Professional Educators
- John Grey, Texas State Teachers Association
- Jerel Booker, Texas State Teachers Association
- Chris Borreca, Primers on Special Education in Charter Schools
SB 205
SB 242
- Frank Knack, American Civil Liberties Union of Texas
- Josette Saxton, Policy Associate, Texans Care for Children
- Kathryn Freeman, Texas Appleseed
- Manuel Quinto-Pozos, American Civil Liberties Union of Texas
SB 290
SB 518
SB 597
SB 738
SB 949
March 8, 2011
• Agenda
- Alfred Ray, Superindendent of Schools, Duncanville Independent School District
- Bob Brundrett, Superindendent of Schools, Texas City Independent School District
- Charles Miller
- Colleen Horton, Program Officer, Hogg Foundation for Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin
- Cyrus Reed, Lone Star Chapter, Sierra Club
- David Hodgins
- Ed Ramos, Elementary School Teacher, San Antonio Independent School District
- Eric Hartman, Texas AFT
- Holly Eaton, Director of Professional Development and Advocacy, Texas Classroom Teachers Association
- Howell Wright, Superindendent of Rockdale ISD
- Jeff Miller, Policy Specialist, Disability Rights Texas
- Jennifer Canaday, Association of Texas Professional Educators
- Leigh Wall, Superintendent of Schools, Santa Fe Independent School District
- Leland Williams, Superintendent of Schools, Dickinson Independent School District
- Luke Metzger, Director, Environment Texas
- Lynse Pawelek, Ataxcosa–McMullen Cooperative
- Mary Hintikka, MSN, RN
- Patty Quinzi, Texas AFT Legislative Counsel
- Ray Freeman, Deputy Executive Director, Equity Center Senate Education Committee
- Rod Schroder, Amarillo Independent School District
- Rona Statman, Director of Family Support Services, ARC of Texas
- Scott Elliff, Superintendent Corpus Christi Independent School District
- Steve Swanson
- Thomas Randle, Superintendent of Schools Lamar Consolidated Independent School District
- Vickey Giles, Superintendent of Schools Sheldon Independent School District
March 1, 2011
• Agenda
February 1, 2011
• Agenda
Panel 1: School Organizations
Panel 2: School District Leaders
- Linda Kay Barnhart
- Bob Brundrett
- Michael French
- Melody Johnson
- Douglas Killian
- Walter Padgett
- Benny Soileau, Rick Kersher, Thomas Price
- Joe Ripple
- Gene Sheets
- Bill Tarleton
- Mary Ann Whiteker
- Mark Williams
- Howell Wright
Panel 3: Educator Associations
Public Testimony
Reports
The following reports are available for download:
- Senate Committee on Education Interim Report to the 83rd Legislature (1.2 MB, PDF format)
Interim Charges
- Study public school management practices, including the use and options for shared services for both academics and operations. Examine the role of Regional Education Service Centers. Specifically, review the types of services being provided and their ability to assist school districts with improving efficiencies.
- Study educator and principal preparation programs through colleges of education and alternative certification. Make recommendations to improve these programs. Examine strategies to improve recruitment of high-quality teachers. Examine alternative approaches to improving teacher retention. Study the benefits of comprehensive induction and mentoring programs.
- Study the growing demand for virtual schools in Texas. Review the benefits of virtual schools, related successes in other states, and needed changes to remove barriers to virtual schools.
- Study the impact of extended learning time on school success. Evaluate the different programs offered, best practices, school implementation, and incentives for building community partnerships that allow a variety of academic and career-related learning opportunities. Examine the effect of after-school programs on academic performance, school attendance, behavior, and promotion to the next grade level, and the relationship between the availability of after-school programs in an area and the high school dropout rate.
- Study the performance and accountability of charter schools, best practices of high-performing charter schools, and barriers to replication. Review policies and practices for authorizing high-quality charters and closing poor-performing charters. Study the benefits of and costs related to increasing the number of charters, as well as establishing additional authorization boards to grant new charters.
- Study the impact of school choice programs in other states on students, parents, and teachers. Explore the use of education tax credits and taxpayer savings grants, and examine potential impacts on state funding.
- Conduct a comprehensive review of school discipline practices. Specifically, review and make recommendations on:
- The effectiveness of Disciplinary Alternative Education Programs (DAEP) and Juvenile Justice Alternative Education Programs (JJAEP) in reducing student involvement in further disciplinary infractions and in promoting positive educational achievement;
- Disproportionate school discipline referrals, including suspension, expulsion, and Class C misdemeanor citations;
- The issue of "Zero Tolerance" in secondary education school discipline, the use of alternative education campuses, and the barriers to graduation. Also include the role that specialized school police departments play in these systems. Consider the impact on the juvenile justice system and the adult prison system;
- The number of students in the conservatorship of the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS) referred to juvenile or municipal courts, suspended, expelled, and placed in Disciplinary Alternative Education Programs (DAEP). Examine data-sharing practices between DFPS, TEA, and local education agencies, and make recommendations to increase communication between schools and DFPS to increase educational outcomes for children in foster care;
- Evidence based models used for addressing juvenile delinquency prevention that is targeted to non-adjudicated, but at-risk youth, in the school disciplinary system. (Joint Charge with Senate Committee on Criminal Justice)
- Monitor the implementation of legislation addressed by the Senate Committee on Education, 82nd Legislature, Regular and Called Sessions, and make recommendations for any legislation needed to improve, enhance, and/or complete implementation. Specifically, monitor the following:
- SB 6, relating to the establishment of the instructional materials allotment;
- SB 8, relating to the flexibility of the board of trustees of a school district in the management and operation of public schools:
- HB 1942, relating to bullying in public schools:
- The implementation of legislation related to the state's accountability system and other reforms enacted by HB 3, 81st Legislature, Regular Session, and SB 1031, 80th Legislature, Regular Session.